Cynips

Cynips
	Cynips longiventris parthenogenetic generation gall
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Cynipidae
Tribe:	Cynipini
Genus:	Cynips; Linnaeus, 1758
Species
	about 39, see text
Synonyms
	Besbicus

Cynips is a genus of gall wasps in the tribe Cynipini, the oak gall wasps. One of the best known is the common oak gall wasp (Cynips quercusfolii), which induces characteristic spherical galls about two centimeters wide on the undersides of oak leaves.

As of 2008, there are about 39 species in this genus.^[1]

Some authors have included Antron in Cynips but it was recently resurrected as a distinct genus.^[2]

Species

Cynips agama
Cynips caputmedusae
Cynips conspicua^[3] – fuzzy gall wasp
Cynips cornifex
Cynips disticha
Cynips divisa – red-pea gall
Cynips douglasii – spined turbaned gall wasp
Cynips fusca
Cynips izzetbaysali^[4]
Cynips longiventris
Cynips mirabilis – speckled gall wasp
Cynips multipunctata – gray midrib gall wasp
Cynips quercusechinus – urchin gall wasp
Cynips quercusfolii
Cynips schlechtendali

Former species

The wasp formerly named Cynips saltatorius is now named Neuroterus saltatorius.^[5]

References

^ Liljeblad, J., et al. (2008). A fully web-illustrated morphological phylogenetic study of relationships among oak gall wasps and their closest relatives (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa 1796, 1-73.
^ George Melika; James A. Nicholls; Warren Abrahamson; Eileen A. Buss; Graham N. Stone (23 December 2021). "New species of Nearctic oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)". Zootaxa. 5084 (1): 1–131. doi:10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5084.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. Wikidata Q110307168.
^ Lobato-Vila, Irene; Pujade-Villar, Juli (2021-01-12). "Synergus dimorphus Osten-Sacken 1865". doi:10.5281/ZENODO.4447532. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Mutun, Serap; Dinç, Serdar; Melika, George (2020-12-03). "Two new species of oak gall wasps from Turkey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)". Zootaxa. 4890 (3): 428–438. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4890.3.9. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 33311123. S2CID 229176089.
^ W.P. Armstrong. "California's Amazing Jumping Galls" Archived 2015-02-17 at the Wayback Machine. 1997.

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[1] Liljeblad, J., et al. (2008). A fully web-illustrated morphological phylogenetic study of relationships among oak gall wasps and their closest relatives (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa 1796, 1-73.

[melika2021-2] George Melika; James A. Nicholls; Warren Abrahamson; Eileen A. Buss; Graham N. Stone (23 December 2021). "New species of Nearctic oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)". Zootaxa. 5084 (1): 1–131. doi:10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5084.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. Wikidata Q110307168.

[3] Lobato-Vila, Irene; Pujade-Villar, Juli (2021-01-12). "Synergus dimorphus Osten-Sacken 1865". doi:10.5281/ZENODO.4447532. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[4] Mutun, Serap; Dinç, Serdar; Melika, George (2020-12-03). "Two new species of oak gall wasps from Turkey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)". Zootaxa. 4890 (3): 428–438. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4890.3.9. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 33311123. S2CID 229176089.

[5] W.P. Armstrong. "California's Amazing Jumping Galls" Archived 2015-02-17 at the Wayback Machine. 1997.

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